In modern times, a fundamental question is how to relate action to intent. If one was to give charity but not to do it with a whole heart, is that action admirable? If someone did not mean to hurt another human being but does so, is that action forgivable? The same question is also true with regard to intent without any positive action. If someone attempts to help a friend but does not actually do so, is he a commendable person? This important dichotomy has deep meaning in religion as well. What matters more in serving Hashem, action or intent? Hashem has the power to see through our hearts and minds. What is more important to Hashem, being a good Jew at heart but performing few Mitzvot or being the type of Jew who does many Mitzvot but without real Kavanah, meaningful intent?